Valeurs spirométries de référence dans la population bantoue de Kinshasa de 20 à 70 ans

Introduction: les valeurs spirométriques de référence ne sont pas extrapolables entre populations, étant tributaires de nombreuses variables humaines et environnementales, d'où l'intérêt des études locales dans ce domaine. L'objectif est de déterminer des valeurs de référence chez des adultes sains de Kinshasa. Méthodes: une étude transversale incluant 7443 sujets (3208 femmes, 43%). Le VEMS, la CVF et le DEP ont été corrélés aux données anthropométriques. Cinq groupes d'âge ont été constitués et les comparaisons effectuées en fonction du sexe, de l'âge, de l'IMC et de la pratique d'une activité sportive.Résultats: les différences sont évidentes entre sexes, pour le VEMS (3,00 vs 2,21 L), la CVF (3,19 vs 2,38 L), et le DEP (6,8 vs 5,70 L/s); de même que pour les tranches d'âge extrêmes. Elles sont comprises entre: 2,33 et 4,54 vs 1,93-3,3 L dans le groupe de 20-29 ans et 1,76-3,39 vs 1,60 vs 2,53 L chez les 60-70 ans; pour La CVF entre 2,44-4,89 vs 1,96-3,56 L et 1,79-3,78 vs 1,66-2,74 L; pour le DEP entre 4,34-12,2 vs 3,62-8,58 L/s et 2,99-6,76 vs 2,99-7,34L/s chez les 60-70 ans. Conclusion: les différences liées au genre, à l'âge, aux données anthropométriques ainsi qu'à la pratique d'une activité sportive sont évidentes. Ces résultats justifient des enquêtes plus étendues et montrent la pertinence des valeurs basées sur les percentiles dans la déterminantion d'un référentiel spirométrique dans une population donnée

Pulmonary functions of children with sickle cell anaemia in steady state in Lagos, Nigeria

Background: are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA). Spirometry is a useful tool for the detection and monitoring of respiratory disorders, but it is under-utilized by healthcare workers who care for children with sickle cell anaemia. Most of the studies assessing pulmonary functions in sickle cell anaemia were conducted among adults.Objective: To describe the lung functions profile of children with sickle cell anaemia in steady state.Methodology: In this study, spirometric indices of 100 children with SCA (HbSS) aged five years to 12 years were compared with 100 matched normal children (HbAA) in the control group.Results: Irrespective of gender, the mean Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) values were significantly higher among the HbAA controls than their HbSS counterparts. The mean Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) values of males and all subjects irrespective of gender were also significantly higher among the controls compared to HbSS subjects. The mean Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) values were higher among HbSS subjects than the HbAA controls, but the observed differences were not significant. The mean FEV1/FVC values were also not significantly different between the SCA subjects and the controls. The overall prevalence of restrictive pulmonary abnormalities among the HbSS group was 6.0% whereas none of the HbAA group had restrictive pulmonary disorders.Conclusion: Children with SCA, irrespective of gender, have significantly lower PEFR and FEV1. Restrictive lung abnormalities occur exclusively among subjects with SCA

Assessing Control of Asthma in Jush; Jimma; South West Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: Despite international guidelines; asthma control is short of the goal in different parts of the world. The objective of this study was to assess control of asthma in patients older than 14 years at the Chest Clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital/JUSH; South West Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross sectional hospital based study was conducted on 234 physician diagnosed asthmatic patients attending the chest follow up clinic from June 01 to July 31; 2012. Asthma control was assessed using the GINA algorithm and the ACT questionnaire. Pulmonary function test was measured using a spirometer for 160 subjects. Data were cleared; entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16 and independent variables were assessed for association with the level of asthma control using bivariate and multinomial analyses. RESULTS: Using the GINA based algorithm; 42 respondents (26.2) were considered to have partly controlled asthma and the majority 117 (76.1) had uncontrolled asthma. Asthma was uncontrolled (ACT score 19) in 71.4 subjects and well controlled (ACT score

Assessment of Lung Function Parameters in Nigerian Males with Diabetes

Despite scarce information on the implications of diabetes for pulmonary function; existing evidence suggests that the respiratory system might also be affected by diabetes. We therefore conducted a crosssectional study of pulmonary function in male Nigerian diabetes patients using spirometric indices. Seventy-six male diabetes patients aged 27-80 years were studied at the Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital; Ile-Ife; Nigeria. Overall; all lung function parameters/volumes studied were significantly lower in the diabetes patients compared with predicted values p=0.000. Patients' ages correlated negatively with all spirometric indices but there was no significant relationship between lung function and fasting blood sugar; body mass index; or diabetic microvascular complications. The implications of abnormal lung function parameters for respiratory disease in diabetes are unclear. Routine tests of pulmonary function are not presently indicated in Nigerian diabetes patients

Five-year Audit of Spirometry at the Lasuth; Ikeja; South-West Nigeria

Spirometry is a non-invasive tool of importance in respiratory medicine. There is an enormous burden ofpulmonary disease worldwide, including in Nigeria.This retrospective study was done to determine the utilisation of spirometry services in the Lagos StateUniversity Teaching Hospital (LASUTH). It determined the sources of referral, indications, and pattern of pulmonary abnormalities.This is a retrospective study. An audit was done on the data collected at the Pulmonary Function Laboratory of the LASUTH between September 2006 and October 2011. Spirometry was done using the Gold Standard Vitalograph spirometer. The demographic characteristics of the patients who had spirometry as well as FEV1, (forced expiratory volume in 1 second)FVC (forced vital capacity), and their predicted values were noted.A total of 849 patients had spirometry done over the 5-year period. Slightly more than half were male patients. The mean age of the patient was 50±19 years. There was a steady increase in the number of spirometry tests performed from 2006 reaching a peak in 2009. Thereafter, a sharp decline was seen in 2010 with a steady rise in the first 10 months of 2011.The most common indication for spirometry was in the evaluation and assessment of asthma in 487 patients (57%). Most of the referrals for spirometry were from the medical department of the hospital representing 532 (63%) patients; 202 (24%) of the request were from the general out-patient department by family physicians, while 115 (13%) came from the surgical department. The outcome of the ventilatory abnormalities showed that 372 (44%) had normal ventilatory indices, 206 (24%) had obstructive patterns,169 (20%) had mixed type, while restrictive patterns were seen in 102 (12%).We concluded that although spirometry is frequently used in our clinical practice, this can be improved upon

Lung function testing tutorial: pitfalls for the unwary when performing spirometry

Spirometry is a simple; reliable; and informative tool in the assessment of respiratory function. It has many indications in both the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory disease; but in Africa it could be most immediately useful in quantifying the unknown burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) related to indoor air pollution as well as the burden of asthma. In order to ensure that spirometry is reliable; quality control is essential. In particular; normal values must be regionally appropriate; technique must be well taught; and equipment must be properly calibrated. In 2005; the ATS/ERS Task Force (American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society) issued guidelines aimed at integrating existing international guidelines. Good standards for spirometry will result in a useful; narrow range of normal values for a population and abnormalities in lung function will be easily detected. The aim of this article is to address the key issues regarding basic spirometry standards; and to highlight the common pitfalls

Office spirometry - indications and limitations

Spirometry is the simplest test with which to evaluate respiratory function. Factors limiting the clinical usefulness of office spirometry relate mainly to the quality of the test. Accurate and reliable results depend on accurate equipment; a competent operator; a cooperative patient; a good quality control programme and appropriately selected reference values. Poorly performed spirometry increases the risk of misinterpreting the results

Prevalence du bronchospasme induit par l'exercice (BIE) dans un echantillon randomise de 73 recrues des Forces Armees Nationales de Cote d'Ivoire

OBJECTIFS: Afin de verifier l'hypothese selon laquelle le climat chaud et humide protegerait contres la survenue du bronchospasme induit par l'exercice (BIE); notre etude avait pour but de determiner la prevalence du BIE chez les recrues vivant et exercant sous un climat tropical humide comme celui de la Cote d'Ivoire. MATERIEL ET METHODE: Notre enquete prospective a visee epidemiologique etait de type transversal. Elle avait ete effectuee de juin 2001 a mars 2002 entre 7h30 et 12 h a une temperature ambiante et une humidite relative variant respectivement de 24 a 41oC et de 96 a 70pour cent. Elle avait concerne un echantillon randomise de 73 recrues issues des quatre ecoles de formation militaire des FANCI. Apres avoir repondu a un questionnaire auto administre; chaque recrue equipee d'un cardio-frequence metre; avait realise sans echauffement prealable une course libre sur terrain plat pendant 8 mn. Les parametres ventilatoires etaient evalues avant et immediatement apres l'effort; puis aux 3eme; 5eme; 10eme; 15eme; 20eme et 30eme minutes de la periode de recuperation. Le seuil de positivite du test etait fixe a 10pour cent de chute du VEMS post-exercice. RESULTATS: Selon le questionnaire; aucune des recrues n'etait asthmatique connue. En revanche; apres le test de provocation bronchique a l'effort; 15 recrues soit 20.50pour cent etaient diagnostiquees BIE positif alors que leurs parametres ventilatoires de repos etaient egaux a ceux des sujets BIE negatif La chute du VEMS post-exercice chez les recrues BIE positif apparaissait precocement dans les 15 premieres minutes de la periode de recuperation. COMMENTAIRES: Cette etude effectuee chez des recrues non asthmatiques vivant et exercant en zone tropicale humide; montrait une prevalence du BIE aussi elevee que celle de nombreuses etudes menees en climat froid et sec. Ce resultat n'etait donc pas en faveur du caractere protecteur de l'air chaud et humide contre la survenue du BlE tel que suggere par plusieurs auteurs

Donnees echocardiographiques et spirometriques chez les malades presentant des cardiopathies gauches: etude de 76 cas

Grace a l'echocardiographie; technique non invasive applicable a la fois a l'etude des dimensions du coeur et de la fonction ventriculaire; et a la spirometrie; autre technique non invasive dans la mise en evidence d'une atteinte pulmonaire; nous avons ete amenes a etudier certaines cardiopathies gauches. Et s'il n'y a pas de relation significative entre le degre d'insuffisance cardiaque et les parametres VG; neanmoins on note la precocite sur la clinique d'un syndrome spirographique ventilatoire de type restrictif